Furnace for heating vehicle-axles



(No Model.)l

J. W. PARMELEE 8v C. J."COOPEB.

EUENACE PoE HEATING VEHICLE AXLES.

)l0; 9 2, 2 2 Patented Nov. 6, 1888.

N. PETERS. Pholuwgmphlh Wallington, D. C.

Nrrnn STATES trice.

PATENT JOHN \VOLCOTT PARMELEE AND CHARLES JAMES COOPER, OF WILKES- BARR, PENNSYLVANIA.

FURNACE FOR HEATING VEHICLE-AXLES.

SPECIFICATION' forming part of Letters Patent No. 392,223, dated November 6, 1888.

`Application filed April 5, 15S?. SerialNo. 233,770. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that we, JOHN WOLoOrr PAR- MnLnn and CnAnLns J AMEs COOPER, citizens of the United States, residing at W ilkesBarre, in the county of Luzerne and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Furnaces for Heating Vehicle- Axles, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to an improvement in furnaces for heating vehicle-axles preparatory to forging the same; and it consists in the peculiar construction and combination of devices that will be more fully set forth hereinafter, and particularly pointed Outin the claim.

The Object of our invention is to construct a furnace especially adapted to burn buckwheat7 and culm coal. It is well known in the art that this grade of coal is very dense, and in order to burn il' the coal must be spread Over a large area and not be packed too deep. If the column of coal is too high in the furnace, the density of the column prevents the free passage o f air to assist combustion. By spreading the coal over a wide area we are enabled to place a large quantity of coal in the furnace without having the column of coal too deep, and thus the air is permitted to pass up through the coal `for the purposeswcll under- .stood in the art.

Another feature of our invention is the inclination of the walls of the combustion-chamber, against which walls the cold air strikes to secure perfect combustion.

Another feature is the construction of the furnace so that 'the smoke and all products of combustion pass out through the opening below the arch where the metal is inserted. By this arrangement all the heat is concentrated at the point where it will do the most good, and none of the heat can escape from the furnace without acting on the metal inserted through the Opening below the arch.

In thel drawings, Figure l is a vertical sectional View of a furnace embodying our improvements. Fig. 2 is partly a top plan view and partly a sectional View of the same, taken on the line m w of Fig. l.

A represents a furnace, which is built of fire-brick, and isprovided in its lower side with an ash-pit, 3, and a eombustioncha1n ber, C, arranged above the ash-pit. Near the Outer sides of the furnace are a series of communicating chambers, D, which are kept supplied with running water, in order to reduce the temperature in the outer sides of the furnace. The combustion-chamber G is larger at its lower side than at its upper side, and the side walls, E, of the said chamber converge upwardly, as shown in Fig. 1.

F represents the grate, which is arranged in the lower side ofthe combustionchamber, and forms the bottom thereof.

G represents an opening, which is made in the rear side oi' the furnace at a suitable distance above the grate, and H. represents a hopper or chute which communicates with the opening G- and with the combustion-chamber. The lower side ol this hopper or chute is inclined downwardly from the lower side of the opening G to a point slightly above the grate, and the upper side of the hopper or chute is inclined upwardly from the upper side of the Opening G- to a point slightly below the upper side of the combustion-chamber. The Opening G is normally closed by the usual door, I.

On the upper side of the furnace is a metallic plate, E, which covers the brick of which thefurnace is composed and protects the same from injury.

L represents an arcli,made of fire-brick and erected over the combustion-chamber. In one side of the lower portion of the arch are made a series of openings, M, through which bars or rods of metal may be introduced below the arch L and above the combustion chamber,

' and thereby be subjected to the heat ascending from the combustion chamber before being forged.

In the front side of the furnace is a tuyere, N, which communicates with the ash-pit below the grate, and to which a blast of air is introduced to causo active combustion of the fuel. Goal is supplied to the fire through the opening G and a hopper or chute, H.

By making the combustion-chamber larger at its lower side than atits upper side, and providing the same with the upwardly converging inclined walls E, the hot air which arises from the fire strikes against the inclined sides of the combustion-chamber and is deiieeted toward the center thereof and becomes mingled with the gases arising from the fire, and the heat is intensified under the arch. The result is that the bars or rods of metal arranged over the combustion chamber are heated very rapidly and very thoroughly.

1We design our furnace more particularly for use in heating vehieleaxles preparatory to forging the same, but do not limit ourselves to its use for this particular' purpose.

In practice, the products of combustion pass out through the opening M, where the metal is inserted. xVe usually employ a hood to cover the furnace, and said hood has a smoke stack to carry off products of combustion.

XVe usually construct the furnace so that the distance from the grate to the workingsurfaee ofthe furnaceis about thirteen inches, more or less, It is well known that the ilame from eulni coal does not rise very high, and hence it is necessary not to make the distance between the grate and the workingsurfaee too great. By our arrangement theheat is brought into intimate and direct contact with the inateria-l to he acted upon.

By having walls E inclined the eulm coal cannot collect in the corners or at the sides and not become burned.

We do not wish to be understood as claiming, broadly, the use of inclined walls for the comA bastion-chamber of a furnace, as we are aware that this is, broadly, old, but prior devicesof this character have always employed a smoke stack or flue to carry off the products of conihus tion. In our furnace we use no smoke stack or line, but have the products of combustion pass out through the opening M, through which the metal is inserted to be heated. Thus all the heat must strike the arch Land also act on the material to be heated. vVherea separate smoke-tine is employed, a great portion of the heated products of combustion pass out through such flue without acting on the material to be heated. The improvement made by us in this respect is manifest.

Having thus described our invention, we claim-- In a furnace for heating metal, the coinbus tion-chamber having the u1mardlyconverging inclined walls E, the arch L, spanning the top of the combustion chamber, so that the products of combustion rising from the chamher must strike the arch, and the opening M at the base of the arch, said opening serving the double function of providing the sole out let for the smoke and products of combustion and also as the entrance-opcning for the introduction ot' the bars of metal, whereby the smoke and products of combustion must pass out the opening through which the metal to be heated is inserted, as set forth.

In testimony that we claim the foregoing as our own we have hereto aiiixed our signatures in presence of two witnesses.

JOHN WOLCOIT IARM'ELEE. CHARLES JAMES COOPER,

viitnesses:`

XV. STROHMENGER, W Annen A. DUTCHER. 

